Storage and delivery
Files, websites and CDNs.
My default
2 tools in this layer.
No complaints. Storage, data lake, archive.
Pricing: Sydney: $0.025/GB-month (Standard). Internet egress $0.114/GB (first 10 TB): that's where it hurts. Requests: $5.50 per million PUT/LIST, $0.44 per million GET. Standard-IA $0.0138/GB, Glacier Instant Retrieval $0.005/GB. Transfer from S3 to CloudFront and to AWS compute in the same region is free.
Every website I run. Static builds deployed from GitHub on every push to main. Easy, reliable, nearly free.
Pricing: Static asset requests are free and unlimited. Storing the files costs nothing. Only requests that run Worker code are billed, under Workers pricing (Workers Paid starts at $5 a month).
Use when it fits
2 tools in this layer.
Fine in front of AWS origins. Egress was too expensive for big public sites, until the flat-rate plans.
Pricing: Pay-as-you-go egress is expensive at volume. The flat-rate plans (for example Business: $200 a month for 50 TB) change the argument. Pay-as-you-go to Australia and New Zealand: first 1 TB a month free, then $0.114/GB for the next 9 TB, and $0.0125 per 10,000 HTTPS requests after 10M free. Flat-rate plans, per distribution, no overage charges: Free $0 (1M requests, 100 GB), Pro $15 (10M requests, 50 TB), Business $200 (125M requests, 50 TB, WAF, DDoS protection, VPC origins), Premium $1,000 (500M requests).
Zero egress fees. The answer for public files served at volume. Keep data lakes in S3.
Pricing: $0.015/GB-month, writes $4.50 per million, reads $0.36 per million, internet egress $0. Serving 20 TB a month from 2 TB stored: R2 ≈ $44 vs S3 + CloudFront ≈ $2,158 (or ≈ $228 on CloudFront's Business flat-rate plan). Free each month: 10 GB, 1M writes, 10M reads. Infrequent Access: $0.01/GB-month, $0.01/GB retrieved, 30-day minimum. Deletes are free.
Where they're used
The jobs that pick or avoid a tool from this layer.
- 03 Something live that many people watch at once Live auctions, collaborative editing, polls, chat rooms, game lobbies. My picks: Cloudflare Workers, Cloudflare Durable Objects, Neon (serverless Postgres), Amazon S3
- 05 A website, SPA or PWA A marketing site or a front-end app. My picks: Cloudflare static hosting, Cloudflare R2, Astro on Cloudflare Workers, Next.js on Cloudflare Workers (OpenNext), Cloudflare Turnstile
- 13 A data lake Analytics over everything the apps produce, cheaply, without a warehouse to run. My picks: Amazon S3, Amazon Data Firehose, S3 + Glue + Athena, DuckDB, Aurora PostgreSQL
Want this stack in your AWS account?
Cloudless Labs is a Sydney consultancy. We migrate on-premises systems to AWS, build serverless apps on this stack, and coach teams to ship with Claude Code and Codex.